Marriage (Kitab Al-Nikah)

‘Abdullāh ibn Mas‘ūd (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: We were in the company of the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him), and he said: "Those who can afford marriage should marry, for it is more effective in lowering the gaze and guarding chastity. He who cannot afford it should fast, for indeed it serves as a restraint for him."

Ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: A man came to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and said: "My wife does not object if anyone touches her." He said: "Divorce her." The man said: "I am afraid that I will miss her." The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Then enjoy her."

Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: ''Let a flogged fornicator marry none but his like.''

Anas ibn Mālik (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) emancipated Safiyyah and made her emancipation her dowry.

Umm Habībah bint Abu Sufyān (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that she said: "O Messenger of Allah, marry my sister, the daughter of Abu Sufyān." He said: "Would you like that?" I said: "Yes, for I cannot have you for myself alone, and I like my sister to be the one who shares with me that goodness." The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "That is not lawful for me." She said: "We heard that you want to marry the daughter of Abu Salamah." He said: "The daughter of Umm Salamah?" She said: 'Yes.' He said: "Even if she was not my stepdaughter whom I raised, she would still be unlawful for me because she is my niece through suckling. Thuwaybah breastfed me and Abu Salamah (her father). So, do not offer me your daughters or sisters (in marriage)." ‘Urwah said that Thuwaybah was an emancipated slave girl of Abu Lahab, and she breastfed the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him). When Abu Lahab died, one of his family members saw him in a vision in an awful state. He said to him: "What did you find?" Abu Lahab said: "I found no good after you, except that I have been given water to drink in this (the space between his thumb and other fingers) and that is because of my emancipation of Thuwaybah."

‘Ā'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: It was revealed in the Qur'an that: ten times of breastfeeding known with certainty establish prohibition (Mahram relationship through breastfeeding); then that was abrogated and replaced with five times of breastfeeding known with certainty. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) died while these (words of the abrogating verse) were still being recited as part of the Qur'an.

‘Ā'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: ''One or two sucks do not render marriage prohibited.''

Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "One may not combine in marriage a woman and her paternal aunt, or a woman and her maternal aunt."

Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If a slave marries without his master’s permission, he is a fornicator."

Jābir ibn ‘Abdullāh (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "When one of you betroths a woman, if he can look at what urges him to marry her, let him do so." So I proposed to a girl and would hide for her until I saw what urged me to marry her, so I married her.

‘Ā’ishah, Mother of the Believers, (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Any woman who marries without the permission of her guardians, her marriage is void—three times—and if he consummated the marriage with her, she would be entitled to the dowry in return for his copulation with her. If a dispute arises between them, the ruler shall be the guardian of whoever has no guardian."

Abu Hurayrah(may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "A previously married woman should not be married until her verbal consent has been sought, and a virgin should not be married until her permission has been sought." They said: "O Messenger of Allah, what is her permission?" He said: "When she remains silent."'

Ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) reported that a virgin girl came to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and said that her father had married her off although she hated [that marriage]. Therefore, the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) gave her the choice.

Ibn ‘Abbās (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: ''A previously-married woman is more entitled to give a decision about her marriage than her guardian, whereas a virgin's permission is to be sought. Her permission is her silence.''

Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: Abu Hind performed cupping for the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) in the middle of his head. The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) then said: "O Banu Bayādah, marry off (your daughters) to Abu Hind, and ask him to marry off (his daughters) to you.' He added: 'If there is benefit in anything that you use for treatment, then it is cupping.'"

Anas ibn Mālik (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) saw the trace of saffron on ‘Abdur-Rahmān ibn ‘Awf so he said: "What is this?" He replied: "O Messenger of Allah, I married a woman." He asked: "How much did you give her as dowry?" He replied: "A date seed weight of gold." He then said: "May Allah grant you blessing. Hold a wedding feast, even if only with a sheep."

Sahl ibn Sa‘d As-Sā‘idi (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that a woman came to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) and said: "I give myself in marriage to you." The woman stood for a long time. Then a man said: "O Messenger of Allah, marry her to me if you do not want her." He said: "Do you have anything to give her for dowry?" He said: "I have nothing but my lower garment." So the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If you gave her your lower garment, then you would have nothing to wear. Find something else to give her." He said: "I could not find anything." Then he said: "Find anything even if it is an iron ring." So he looked and did not find anything. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) thus, said: "Do you memorize anything of the Qur'an?" He said: 'Yes.' So the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I give her to you in marriage for what you have (memorized) of the Qur'an."

‘Uqbah ibn ‘Āmir reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The easiest marriage is the best marriage." The Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said to a man: "Would you like me to marry you off to so-and-so?" He said: 'Yes.' He also asked the woman: "Would you like me to marry you off to so-and-so?" She said: 'Yes.' He then married them off without prescribing a dowry. The man consummated marriage with the wife without giving her anything. When he was about to die, he said: "The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) married me off to so-and-so, and I did not give her anything; and (now) I grant her my share from (the booties of the battle of) Khaybar." So she took his share and sold it for one hundred thousand (dirhams).

‘Abdullāh ibn Mas‘ūd (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) taught us the sermon of need: "Praise be to Allah. We seek His help and forgiveness. We seek refuge with Him from the evils of our souls. Whoever Allah guides, none can lead astray, and whoever Allah leads astray, none can guide. I testify that there is no god but Allah, and I testify that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger. {O people, fear your Lord Who created you from a single soul, and created from it its mate, and from both of them created countless men and women. Fear Allah in Whose name you ask one another, and be mindful of your kinship ties, for Allah is ever Watchful over you.} [Surat an-Nisā’: 1] {O you who believe, fear Allah as He should be feared, and do not die except as Muslims.} [Surat Āl-‘Imrān: 102] {O you who believe, fear Allah and say what is right, He will guide you to righteous deeds and forgive your sins. Whoever obeys Allah and His Messenger will surely achieve a supreme triumph.} [Surat al-Ahzāb: 70-71]"

Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported that when the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) married her, he stayed three nights with her and said: "Indeed, you are not inferior in the sight of your family. If you wish, I can stay seven (nights) with you, but if I stay seven with you, I will also stay seven with my (other) wives."

Anas ibn Mālik (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: It is from the Sunnah that if someone marries a virgin, he should stay with her (the virgin) for seven days and then divide the nights between them. But if he marries a previously married woman, he should stay with her for three days, then divide the nights (between his wives). Abu Qilābah said: "If I wanted, I would say that Anas attributed this Hadīth directly to the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him)."

Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Whoever has two wives and is inclined to one of them will come on the Day of Judgment with his side inclined."

‘Urwah reported: ‘Ā'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: "O my nephew, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) did not give preference to one of us over the other in terms of his division of the time he spent with us. Every day, except rarely, he used to visit all of us. He would come near each of his wives without having sexual intercourse with her, until he would reach the one whose turn was on that day and he would, thus, stay with her overnight. When Sawdah bint Zam‘ah became old and feared that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) might divorce her, she said: 'O Messenger of Allah, I give my day to ‘Ā’ishah.' The Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) accepted it from her. We believe that Allah, the Exalted, revealed about this incident or similar ones the verse: {If a wife fears cruelty or desertion on her husband's part...} [Sūrat An-Nisā':128]"

‘Uqbah ibn ‘Āmir (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The worthiest stipulations to be fulfilled are those which make sexual intercourse lawful for you."

Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said: "If a man invites his wife to his bed and she refuses, and so he spends the night angry with her, the angels will curse her until the morning."

Mu‘āwiyah al-Qushayri (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: I said: O Messenger of Allah, what is the right of the wife of any of us over him? He said: "To feed her when you eat, clothe her when you clothe yourself, or when you earn money, do not strike on the face, do not revile, and do not forsake except inside the house."